MM · Materials Management
Procure-to-Pay SAP S/4HANA training
Kompletný MM nákupný cyklus od požiadavky po platbu dodávateľovi.
Prehľad procesu a biznis kontext
Procure-to-Pay spája operatívny nákup, príjem, kontrolu faktúry a platbu. V S/4HANA treba vidieť celý reťazec, pretože slabá objednávka, oneskorený príjem alebo blokovaná faktúra rýchlo ovplyvní finance aj dodávateľa.
Účastníci vysvetlia, ako sa nákupná potreba zmení na zaúčtovaný záväzok a platbu.
End-to-end tok
- 1
Purchase Requisition
ME51NFiori aplikácia: Create Purchase Requisition
Vplyv na ACDOCA: No direct ACDOCA posting; creates demand and approval context.
- 2
Purchase Order
ME21NFiori aplikácia: Manage Purchase Orders
Vplyv na ACDOCA: No accounting entry for a standard PO, but commitment and valuation expectations are established.
- 3
Goods Receipt
MIGOFiori aplikácia: Post Goods Movement
Vplyv na ACDOCA: Posts inventory or expense and GR/IR clearing where valuation is relevant.
- 4
Invoice Verification
MIROFiori aplikácia: Create Supplier Invoice
Vplyv na ACDOCA: Posts supplier liability, tax, price differences, and clears GR/IR where matched.
- 5
Payment
F110Fiori aplikácia: Manage Automatic Payments
Vplyv na ACDOCA: Clears supplier open item and posts bank/cash movement.
Kľúčové tabuľky
| Table | Vysvetlenie |
|---|---|
| EKKO | Purchase order header: supplier, purchasing organization, document type, currency, and release state. |
| EKPO | Purchase order items: material, quantity, price, plant, account assignment, and delivery tolerance. |
| MARA | General material master data used throughout procurement and inventory processing. |
| MSEG / MATDOC | Goods movement item data; S/4HANA uses MATDOC as the material document line-item foundation. |
| RBKP / RSEG | Supplier invoice header and item data used by invoice verification. |
| ACDOCA | Universal Journal line items for valuation, invoice, and payment-related financial postings. |
Postup krok za krokom
Create the purchase requisition
Capture material, plant, quantity, delivery date, account assignment, and requester.
Na čo si dať pozor: If account assignment is wrong, invoice verification may block later even though purchasing looked correct.
Convert or create the purchase order
Confirm supplier, price, tax code, purchasing organization, delivery tolerances, and approval status.
Na čo si dať pozor: Avoid teaching ME21N as typing practice; explain why each field controls downstream receipt and invoice behavior.
Post goods receipt
Receive against the PO and check stock, valuation, and GR/IR postings.
Na čo si dať pozor: A late or missing goods receipt is one of the most common causes of blocked invoices.
Verify supplier invoice
Run the three-way match between PO, receipt, and invoice, then analyze any block.
Na čo si dať pozor: Price, quantity, and tax differences should be classified before they are released.
Pay and clear supplier item
Execute payment proposal, review exceptions, post payment, and confirm clearing.
Na čo si dať pozor: Payment terms and baseline date are master-data topics, not only finance topics.
Bežné chyby a riešenie problémov
Invoice blocked for quantity variance
Pravdepodobná príčina: Supplier invoiced more than received or receipt was not posted.
Postup opravy: Check MIGO/MATDOC receipt and tolerance settings before releasing the block.
Wrong account assignment
Pravdepodobná príčina: Cost center, asset, WBS, or GL account was missing or incorrect on PR/PO.
Postup opravy: Correct the purchasing document if possible; otherwise document the finance correction path.
GR/IR balance remains open
Pravdepodobná príčina: Receipt and invoice quantities or values do not reconcile.
Postup opravy: Analyze PO history, invoice documents, and clearing logic before month-end close.
Rozdiely ECC a S/4HANA
S/4HANA zachováva známe nákupné doklady, ale zjednodušuje analytiku, oceňovanie a reporting cez HANA aplikácie a Universal Journal.
Slovník
- Nákupná požiadavka
- Interná požiadavka dokumentujúca potrebu pred objednávkou.
- Nákupná objednávka
- Nákupný doklad zaslaný dodávateľovi.
- Príjem tovaru
- Účtovanie potvrdzujúce prijatý tovar alebo službu.
- Kontrola faktúry
- Porovnanie faktúry s objednávkou a príjmom.
- ACDOCA
- Universal Journal tabuľka finančných položiek.
Knowledge check
Na odomknutie certifikátu dokončite quiz aspoň na 70 %.
Spustiť generátor